According to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title VII, discrimination based on which of the following is illegal?

The Civil Rights Act of 1964, specifically Title VII, prohibits employment discrimination based on specific protected characteristics, which include race, color, religion, sex, and national origin. This legislative framework was established to promote equality and prevent unfair treatment of individuals in the workplace based on these attributes.

Title VII is foundational in civil rights legislation and has been pivotal in shaping workplace policies and practices to ensure that individuals are not discriminated against in hiring, promotion, or other employment practices due to these characteristics. The act embodies a comprehensive approach to civil rights and has significant implications for employers and employees in fostering an inclusive work environment.

The other options, although potentially relevant to discrimination laws, do not align specifically with the protections laid out in Title VII. Age discrimination is addressed under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), while discrimination based on political affiliation is not covered by this specific act. Similarly, laws regarding discrimination based on physical ability are addressed under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Therefore, the correct answer reflects the specific categories of discrimination that Title VII directly prohibits.